|
This course prepares participants to undertake fundamental calculations to assess
the performance of oil and gas fields under a variety of operating conditions and
reservoir drive mechanisms. It covers the practical application of physical principles
used in primary and secondary recovery of oil and gas. On completion of the course,
participants will be able to apply fundamental reservoir engineering principles to
reservoir evaluation and field development. The course provides “hands-on”
experience in performing computer-assisted calculations, which emphasize the
solution of common reservoir problems in a series of practical problem solving
sessions.
On completion of the course participants will know:
- How basic reservoir rock and fluid properties are specified and measured in
the laboratory.
- How these properties affect fluid flow and the distribution of fluids in the
reservoir.
- How to perform basic material balance calculations for depletion, solution
gas, gas-cap gas, water and combination reservoirs.
- How reservoir drive mechanisms affect overall reservoir performance.
- How to use fractional flow theory to calculate displacement efficiency and oil
recovery factors.
- How to measure and calculate oil and gas properties at reservoir conditions.
- How to calculate static pressure and saturations distributions in a reservoir
containing gas, oil and water zones.
- How to estimate production rates for vertical and horizontal wells.
- How to history match an aquifer model and how to use the predicted water
influx to predict future reservoir performance.
Contents
Rock and Fluid Properties: Review of wettability, capillary pressure and relative
permeability concepts. Residual oil saturations and design of special core analysis
programs. Rock compressibility. Properties of oil gas and formation waters. Sampling
of reservoir fluids. PVT properties of hydrocarbon systems. Reservoir hydrocarbon
fluid classification.
Mechanics of Fluid Flow in Porous Media: Darcy’s Law. Steady-state, semi-steadystate
and transient flow. Linear and radial flow. Stabilised well deliverability.
Productivity index, injectivity index, and inflow performance for horizontal and
vertical wells.
Reservoir volumetrics: Techniques for estimating initial oil and initial gas in place.
Capillary-gravity equilibrium and the vertical distribution of fluids. Initial pressure
distribution and determination of oil-water, gas-oil and gas-water contacts.
Material Balance Equation and Reservoir Drive Mechanisms: General material
balance equation. Solution gas drive, water drive, gas-cap drive, compaction drive
and combination drive mechanisms. Drive index and production characteristics.
Reservoir Displacement Mechanisms and Recovery Factors: Fractional flow
equations. Frontal advance theory. Effects of wettability and heterogeneity on
displacement efficiency. Gravity Stabilised displacements. Practical use of
immiscible displacement concepts in estimating field recovery factors.
Solution Gas Drive Reservoirs: Calculating original oil in place. Predicting future
performance. Field derived relative permeability data. Converting material balance
predictions to time.
Water Drive Reservoirs: Analysis of water drive reservoirs. Aquifer models and
calculation of water influx. Oil-water contact stability. Water coning and fingering.
Field case history example.
Gas-Cap Drive: Factors enhancing gas-cap drive. Segregation and gravity drainage.
Calculating remaining oil saturations in gas-cap invaded zone. Factors affecting oil
recovery in gas-cap expansion.
Combination Drive Reservoirs: Calculation of effective recovery factors. Estimation
of drive indices and effect of drive indices on recovery. Field calculation example.
|
Home